Allele Frequency Calculator
Calculate allele frequencies and test Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Note: This calculator determines allele frequencies, genotype frequencies, and tests for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in population genetics.
Total Population Size
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Allele A Frequency (p)
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Allele a Frequency (q)
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Expected Genotype Frequencies
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Observed vs Expected
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Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Test
Enter parameters to see equilibrium test results.
Understanding Allele Frequencies
- p: Frequency of dominant allele A
- q: Frequency of recessive allele a (q = 1 - p)
- p²: Expected frequency of AA genotype
- 2pq: Expected frequency of Aa genotype
- q²: Expected frequency of aa genotype
Population Genetics Guidelines
- Ensure random mating in the population
- Check for selection, mutation, and migration
- Use appropriate sample sizes for statistical power
- Consider multiple loci for comprehensive analysis
- Account for population structure and subdivision
Important: This calculator assumes ideal conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Real populations may deviate due to selection, genetic drift, mutation, migration, and non-random mating.
Always interpret results in the context of your specific study system.