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Ionic Strength Calculator
Calculate the ionic strength ($I$) of an electrolyte solution
Formula: $I = \frac{1}{2} \sum c_i z_i^2$
Where $c_i$ is the molar concentration of the ion and $z_i$ is its charge number. Supports up to 3 ions (leave unused ions at 0).
Where $c_i$ is the molar concentration of the ion and $z_i$ is its charge number. Supports up to 3 ions (leave unused ions at 0).
Cation / Ion 1
Anion / Ion 2
Additional Ion (Optional)
Calculation Results
⚠️ Ionic strength is a key parameter for calculating activity coefficients via the Debye-Hückel equation. At higher ionic strengths ($> 0.1\text{ M}$), simple models fail due to significant ion-ion interactions, requiring extended models (like Davies or Pitzer equations).