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Lattice Energy Calculator
Calculate lattice energy ($U$) using the Born-Landé equation
Formula: $U = \frac{-138900 \cdot M \cdot z^+ \cdot |z^-|}{r_0} \left(1 - \frac{1}{n}\right)$
Where $M$ is the Madelung constant, $z$ are ion charges, $r_0$ is the interionic distance in picometers (pm), and $n$ is the Born exponent.
Where $M$ is the Madelung constant, $z$ are ion charges, $r_0$ is the interionic distance in picometers (pm), and $n$ is the Born exponent.
Ionic Properties
Crystal Structure
Calculation Results
⚠️ The Born-Landé equation assumes ions are perfect hard spheres and interactions are purely ionic. It may underestimate the lattice energy for compounds with significant covalent character (e.g., AgCl or ZnS) or transition metals subject to polarization.